
Human history in this region starts around 46,000 years ago when red ochre was mined here. San Bushmen later inhabited the area and some of their rock art can still be found today. Some time after the bushman, the area was used by travelers from Asia for mining and trading. Between 1400 and 1700 there was an inflow of people from further north in Africa, notably the Nguni and Ndebele.
In 1836 European settlers arrived in the region and in 1871 the first of a number of gold rushes occurred with the discovery of gold on a farm near [wiki=b99a4dfa28ca42a03718e893c3ebacd7]Polokwane[/wiki] (then Pietersburg). A number of wars followed between the boers and local tribes, as well as between the boers and [wiki=a95bd20583bd638b37d4cdf58a414924]Britain[/wiki].
In 1926 the [wiki=7f0d556542a2354853e941dc268a1363]Kruger National Park[/wiki] was proclaimed and in 1948 a fisheries institute was established in [wiki=2d969c4938bf95aa416fa4f47ed268c3]Lydenburg[/wiki] leading to the abundance of trout farms in the area today.
For most tourist destinations in [wiki=f6e573ec7795b82466c7a76ff015c8fe]Mpumalanga[/wiki], follow the N4 toll road from [wiki=f3aed7b995946431dd27c6d71901dd96]Pretoria[/wiki]. The road is in very good condition.
Alternatively, follow the N12 from southern [wiki=33416c1d32d3c19771d09bf215c7b514]Johannesburg[/wiki], it will join the N4 at [wiki=ee3bd54c6a29832c3ddaaf6ffb778cf1]Witbank[/wiki].
On the N4 between [wiki=7a08e42c04cf36b83cf82cfe262e5d77]Bronkhorstspruit[/wiki] and [wiki=ee3bd54c6a29832c3ddaaf6ffb778cf1]Witbank[/wiki], be on the lookout for an overpass that has thousands of mud swallow's nests build on its underside. It has been a nesting spot for the birds for years and is quite spectacular.
If you are heading to the southern parts of [wiki=f6e573ec7795b82466c7a76ff015c8fe]Mpumalanga[/wiki], follow the N17 from [wiki=33416c1d32d3c19771d09bf215c7b514]Johannesburg[/wiki].
Kruger Mpumalanga Airport, [url=http://www.kmiairport.co.za]]has flights to [[Cape Town[/url]], [wiki=1842bcd39672346f0cfecd0d372a97d4]Durban[/wiki], [wiki=33416c1d32d3c19771d09bf215c7b514]Johannesburg[/wiki] and [wiki=d157c21168a07f7bba66fa42c8861033]Vilanculos[/wiki]. It is situated in the north of [wiki=9ea44952f2d9903a2ea798dff54008ad]Nelspruit[/wiki] and only 30 minutes to the next [wiki=7f0d556542a2354853e941dc268a1363]Kruger National Park[/wiki] gate.
One of the best ways to get around is by rental car. There is a lot to see and do in this area and you might want to change your plans on short notice as you discover new places. Having your own transport gives you the freedom to do this.
Mpumalanga is a biker's dream with scenic winding routes and relatively little traffic. There are many motorbike rental agencies in [wiki=c89bc418c38da77213c6c6e03cac2510]South Africa[/wiki], MotoBerlin, ph: +27 (0)11 745-1515 in Johannesburg being one.